Most of the people involved in the study had mild or moderate hearing loss, and none had ever used hearing aids. Nearly all the individuals reported that their hearing loss was causing problems in their daily lives.

The researchers evaluated the effects of hearing loss on each person's quality of life. They used four questionnaires, such as the Self-Evaluation of Life Function and the Hearing Handicap Inventory. The questionnaires asked about the person's daily activities, their ability to hear in different settings and their feelings and attitudes about their hearing problems. The investigators found that: "Marked social, emotional and communication difficulties are caused by hearing loss ... even in cases of (only) mild to moderate loss."

Half of the individuals were then fit with hearing aids. Six weeks later, questionnaires were again used to study the effects of hearing loss on each person's daily life.

The questionnaire results obtained after individuals used hearing aids for six weeks indicated "large quality of life improvements in the areas of communication and social function" in those individuals who received hearing aids, but not in those individuals who did not receive hearing aids. Everyone in the study was subsequently fit with hearing aids.

Based on the results of this study, the researchers concluded that: "Hearing aids represent a relatively inexpensive therapy for the amount of benefit gained."

The finding that hearing aids provided considerable help are, of course, no surprise to us. We also know that the problems caused by hearing loss can be frustrating, even when hearing aids are providing important benefits.

There is a significant relationship between hearing loss and physical and psychosocial impairment. Laforge, et al, studied 1408 elderly adults and found that persons with visual or auditory impairment were more than three times as likely to have a "decline in functional health" than were unimpaired individuals, including a higher incidence of heart disease, hypertension and osteoarthritis.

The data from these and other studies indicate that, because of their hearing loss, individuals may experience increased feelings of isolation, depression, loneliness, anger and frustration. Researchers have speculated that the increased incidence of health dysfunction may be a result of these feelings of isolation, depression and frustration.

A paper published recently in The Hearing Journal reported findings of an investigation into the effects of hearing aid use on functional health status. Results of an earlier study by Mulrow (1990) have already demonstrated that "hearing aids are very successful treatments for reversing the social, emotional and communication dysfunction caused by hearing impairment." Can hearing aid use also improve functional health status?

Crandell (1998) concluded that, "the use of hearing aids can reduce functional health difficulties in elderly listeners with sensorineural hearing loss." He compared this effect to previous findings that individuals with positive attitudes about their illness tend to have lower morbidity and mortality rates and speculated that the improvements in health status may be because of the enhancement in communicative function. That is, "improved communicative function resulted in reduced psychosocial deficits, which, in turn, reduced the degree of functional impairment."

In other words, the improved communication that occurred as a result of using hearing aids may have improved the individual's perception of health impairment rather than his or her actual physical status. Research is now underway is examining physical change in health status as a function of hearing aid use.

- Andy Waits

Waits Hearing Aid Center

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